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(No Model.) 2 sheets-sheet 1. G. H. BANG-S.

-DYV'NAMOYELBGTRIG MACHINE. v No. 258,818. 1 Patented ,1111.181888 (NoModel.) 2 sheets-sheet 2. G. H. BANGS.

, DYNAMO ELECTRIC MACHINE. No. 256,618.' Patented Apr. 18, 1882.

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'NTTED STATES GEORGE Il. BANGS, OF NEW YORK, N.

PATENT OFFICE.

DYNAlVlO-ELECTRIC MACHINE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 256,618, dated April18, 1882.

Application filed July Q9, 1881.

To all 'whom it may concern Be it known that I, GEORGE H.,BANGS, acitizen of the United States, residing in New York city, New York, have`invented certain Improvements in Dynamo-Electric Machines and ElectricMotors, of which the following is a specitication.

The object of my invention is to construct a simple, economical, andcompact dynamo-electricinacliiiie orelectric motor, and one in which the`magnets shall be so constructed and arranged that they will exert theiraction to the best advantageyand this object I attain by constructingthe field-magnets and armatures fiat webs ot' iron with enlarged polarexten- Siifins, and arranging them side by side, so that not only willthe poles of the magnets regret on cach other, but also, owing to theflaitness of the elcctromagnets, the greatest piractical amountof workwill be obtained from che armatures and field-magnets, since the.

vgreatest practical extent ot one magnet will he in close proximity tothe next.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1, Sheet 1. is a side view of myimproved inachine; Fig. 2, a transverse section on the line l 2, Fig. l;Fig. 3, a perspective view of one ofthe field-magnets; Fig. 4, aperspective view of one ofthe armatures mounted on its hollow shaft;Fig. 5, Sheet 2, a perspective view of the commutator; Fig. ti, a planview ofa modification, and Figs. 7 and S diagrams showing thcarrangement of circuits for intensity and quantity respectively.

Iii Figs. l and 2, A A are the armatures, mounted on the hollow shaft B,which turns in bearings in the end pieces, F, ofthe frame, and carriesat one end the pulley B', for receiving or transmitting the power, andat the other end the eoiumutator D, whose brushes d d may be carried bythe base M of the machine. The armatures A. A are arranged between thefieldiuagnets E E' E2, which are connected together by the cross-piecesF', the latter being bolted to the opposite extremities ofthefield-magnets, while the end pieces, F, are bolted t0 the sides ofthemagnets E E2, these fixed magnets thus practically forming a poi'- tionof the frame.

On reference to Fig. 3 it will be seen that each magnet consists of acomparatively thin and flat but broad web, c, of soft iron, with (Nomodel.)

enlarged polar extensions e e in the form ot' the segments of acylinder, the acting or polar faces of these poles being their oppositeflat sides. The flat plate eis provided with the insulated wire-coils e2e2, nearly tiush with the polar faces, the latter preferably projectingslightly beyond the wrapping, the flat sides of the helices as wellas ofthe poles of adjoining armatures midfield-magnets being, however, in theclosest practicablejuxtaposition. I prefer to lea-ve au unwi'appedportion at the center to allow for the free passage ofthe armature-shaftthrough the openings c,

The coils of the tieldmagnets are connected to suitable binding-posts,P. The armature electro-magnets are constructed like the tieldmagnets,except that instead ot heiiig provided with the central openings, o, forthe free passage ot' the shaft, they tit accurately on the shaft and areprovided with collars by which they may be screwed or keyed to theshaft, as sliowu in Fig. 4. The terminals of the coils of the armaturespass through openings a in the hollow shaft B, and are led through thelatter to the difterent'sectious of the commutator D. Each of thebrushes d is electrically connected to a binding-post, P', which, likethe posts P, may he connected to the line or to the earth to completethe circuit. The openings a. a in the hollow shaft also serve, when themachine is in operation, to create a current of air between theelectiemagnets and keep up a. proper ventilation and cooling of themachine.

I prefer to arrange the magnets A A' ou the shaft B at right angles toeach other, so that when one magnet is exert-ing the least force orbeing acted on to the least extent the other will he at the point whereit will produce the greatest ei'ect or be acted ou to the greatest;extent.

I prefer, with the view of more effectively utilizing the power of thefield-magnets, to connect the severa-l field-magnets ot' each niachiueby iron strips ff, secured to the curved extremities ot' the poles, thepiece F also being of iron; or a single wide strip of metal extendingover the entire poles at the top and bottom may be used instead of thestrips. In such case not only the flat sides, but also the curved endsof the poles of an armature will constitute working-faces, acting inconjunction ICO with the strips con ncctingthe correspondinglycurvedends of the tield-magnets.

The advantage of making the armatures and field-magnets with thin fiatcores and enlarged polar extensions, so that with their wire wrappingsthey constitute a series'ot' comparatively thin, fiat, but broadelectro-maguets arranged side by side, is that by this construction, inaddition to the compactnessof the arrangement, as unich as possible ot'the iieldniagnets is brought into the closest practicable relation to asu uch as possible of the adjacentarmature-magnets, so that theyareconstructed and arranged to ihe best advantage for the creation of theinduced currents. The advantages ot' this construction are furtherpromoted by making the plates forming the cores nearly square, as shownin Fig. 2, so that even when an armature is in a position at rightangles to an adjacent field-magnet there will be about the same extentof adjacent surfaces.

I do not limit myself 'to the number or arrangement of tieldmagnets andarmatures shown in Fig. 1, for the number may be continued indetinitely.For instance, in Fig. 6 I have shown a machine with tive armatures andsix feldmagnets, the armatures'in this case being set on the shaft withtheir poles out of line gradually, instead of being directy at rightangles, as in the machinein Fig. l-that is to say, while the armatureAmay be at right angles with the armature A", the intermediate-armatures have their 'poles on lines intermediate between these two.

Instead of mounting the armatures on the shafts so as to rotate betweenfield-magnets on A each side', two armatures may be arranged side byside between two field-magnets, said Iieldmagnets and armaturesalternately presenting opposite poles.

My improved construction of dynamo-elec` tric machine with field-magnetsand armatures permits almost any desired arrangement ot'circuits withoutother change than at the binding-post connections. Thus the magnets mayVbe coupled up in pairs, threes, or series, as the -number of magnetsand the work to be doue may suggest. In the diagram, Fig. 7, forinstance, l have shown the circuits arranged t'or intensity, the currententering, say, at 1, passing through the coils of the field-magnet E,

thence through the coils of themagnets E E2 successively, thence to oneof the cummutatorbrushes, thence to the coils of the armature A,

thence back to the commutator-brushes and to the coils of the armature,A','thence to thecommutator and to the line at 2. In the diagram, Fig.8, theelectro -magnets are shown as coupled up for quantity in a mannerwhich will bereadiiy understood without further explanation.

Where there are a series of field-magnets and armatures some of thearmaturessay A and A in Fig. G-may be used to magnetize theiield-inagnets, the remaining armatures, Az A3 A, being used for work,the currents from their coils being collected at their eommutator forthat purpose. In this case the poles of the armatures AA A' should beset at right angles, and the poles oi'the armatures A2 A A.4 should beset equidistant from each other.

Although I have described the machine as though it were a dynamoelectricmachine, it will be understood that it may be used as an electric motorwithout any change in its construction.

I claim as my invention- 1. An electro-magnet for dynamo-electricmachines or electric motors, consisting ot' a broad tint web of ironwith enlarged polar extensions, and wire wrapping nearly tlush withf theat sides of said polar extensions.

2. A dynamo-electric machine or electrie motor having a series ofstationary field-imagnets and rotary armatures arranged sidev by side,and each consisting of a broad fiat iweb of iron with enlarged polarextensions, amd wire coils nearly flush with the fiat sides of sa'tilpolar extensions, all substantially as describei,

3. The combination of a series ot' tield-mag nets, E E', Src., of adynamo-electric machine orelectric motor havin gsegment-shaped poles,with similarly-shaped rotary armatures, and a strip or strips of ironconnecting the curved faces of the segmental poles of thefield-inagnets, substantially as specitied.

1n testimony whereofI have signed my name to this specification in thepresence of two subscribing witnesses.

GEO. H. BANGS.

Witnesses:

HARRY DRURY, HARRY SMITH.

